Understanding Sensory Sensitivities: How Our 7 Senses Impact Daily Life

Sensory sensitivities refer to how individuals perceive and respond to the sensory information around them. For many neurodivergent people, particularly those with autism, ADHD, or sensory processing differences- everyday experiences can feel very different than they might for others.

A simple trip to the supermarket, a classroom lesson, or wearing certain clothes can become challenging or even distressing when the brain processes sensory input in heightened or muted ways. What might seem like a minor irritation to one person, like a buzzing light or a strong perfume can be intensely uncomfortable, anxiety-inducing, or even painful for someone with sensory sensitivities.

Sensory processing is a deeply personal experience. While it’s commonly assumed that we have five senses, humans actually have seven core senses that work together to help us understand and navigate the world.

The 7 Core Senses and How They Can Be Affected

How Sensory Sensitivities Affect Daily Life 

Sensory differences can impact every part of daily life, from getting dressed to focusing in class or socialising with others. These sensitivities typically fall into two categories:

• Hypersensitivity (Over-responsive) 

Everyday stimuli can feel overwhelming or even painful. For example, a hand on the shoulder might feel startling, or a ticking clock may become impossible to ignore.

• Hyposensitivity (Under-responsive) 

A person may not register typical sensory input and might seek out stronger sensations. This could look like chewing on clothing, tapping feet constantly, or turning up music very loud.

It’s important to remember that individuals can be both hypersensitive and hyposensitive and this may vary depending on the sense, the day, the circumstance or even the environment. Sensory needs are fluid, not fixed.

Supporting Sensory Needs with Understanding and Flexibility 

Supporting someone with sensory differences isn’t about removing every trigger, it’s about creating environments and routines that are responsive, respectful, and flexible. Here are a few helpful approaches:

Create calm, predictable spaces 

Reduce visual clutter, harsh lighting, or unexpected noises when possible. Calm environments can help with focus and regulation.

Allow and encourage sensory breaks 

Short breaks to move, stretch, or retreat to a quiet area can help prevent overwhelm and support emotional regulation.

Provide sensory tools and resources 

Items like noise-cancelling headphones, chewable jewellery, fidget toys, or weighted blankets can provide comfort and support self-regulation.

Respect individual preferences and boundaries 

For some, physical contact or strong smells may be distressing. It’s important to listen, observe, and respond with sensitivity- never forcing eye contact, hugs, or participation in overstimulating activities.

Why It Matters 

When we honour sensory needs at home, in schools, and in public spaces we create environments where neurodivergent individuals can feel safe, focused, and accepted for who they are. Supporting sensory differences isn’t just a strategy; it’s a form of respect and inclusion.